richardslensproblem.hh

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// -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
// vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4:
/*
  This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
 
  OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.
 
  OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  GNU General Public License for more details.
 
  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  along with OPM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
  Consult the COPYING file in the top-level source directory of this
  module for the precise wording of the license and the list of
  copyright holders.
*/
#ifndef EWOMS_RICHARDS_LENS_PROBLEM_HH
#define EWOMS_RICHARDS_LENS_PROBLEM_HH
 
#include <opm/models/richards/richardsmodel.hh>
 
#include <opm/material/components/SimpleH2O.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidsystems/LiquidPhase.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/RegularizedVanGenuchten.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/LinearMaterial.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/EffToAbsLaw.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/MaterialTraits.hpp>
 
#include <dune/grid/yaspgrid.hh>
#include <dune/grid/io/file/dgfparser/dgfyasp.hh>
 
#include <dune/common/version.hh>
#include <dune/common/fvector.hh>
#include <dune/common/fmatrix.hh>
 
namespace Opm {
template <class TypeTag>
class RichardsLensProblem;
 
} // namespace Opm
 
namespace Opm::Properties {
 
// Create new type tags
namespace TTag {
struct RichardsLensProblem { using InheritsFrom = std::tuple<Richards>; };
} // end namespace TTag
 
// Use 2d YaspGrid
template<class TypeTag>
struct Grid<TypeTag, TTag::RichardsLensProblem> { using type = Dune::YaspGrid<2>; };
 
// Set the physical problem to be solved
template<class TypeTag>
struct Problem<TypeTag, TTag::RichardsLensProblem> { using type = Opm::RichardsLensProblem<TypeTag>; };
 
// Set the wetting phase
template<class TypeTag>
struct WettingFluid<TypeTag, TTag::RichardsLensProblem>
{
private:
    using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
 
public:
    using type = Opm::LiquidPhase<Scalar, Opm::SimpleH2O<Scalar> >;
};
 
// Set the material Law
template<class TypeTag>
struct MaterialLaw<TypeTag, TTag::RichardsLensProblem>
{
private:
    using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
    enum { wettingPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::wettingPhaseIdx };
    enum { nonWettingPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::nonWettingPhaseIdx };
 
    using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
    using Traits = Opm::TwoPhaseMaterialTraits<Scalar,
                                               /*wettingPhaseIdx=*/FluidSystem::wettingPhaseIdx,
                                               /*nonWettingPhaseIdx=*/FluidSystem::nonWettingPhaseIdx>;
 
    // define the material law which is parameterized by effective
    // saturations
    using EffectiveLaw = Opm::RegularizedVanGenuchten<Traits>;
 
public:
    // define the material law parameterized by absolute saturations
    using type = Opm::EffToAbsLaw<EffectiveLaw>;
};
 
} // namespace Opm::Properties
 
namespace Opm {
 
template <class TypeTag>
class RichardsLensProblem : public GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::BaseProblem>
{
    using ParentType = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::BaseProblem>;
 
    using GridView = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::GridView>;
    using EqVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::EqVector>;
    using RateVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::RateVector>;
    using BoundaryRateVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::BoundaryRateVector>;
    using PrimaryVariables = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::PrimaryVariables>;
    using Stencil = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Stencil>;
    using Simulator = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Simulator>;
    using Model = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Model>;
    using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
    using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
 
    using Indices = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>;
    enum {
        // copy some indices for convenience
        pressureWIdx = Indices::pressureWIdx,
        contiEqIdx = Indices::contiEqIdx,
        wettingPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::wettingPhaseIdx,
        nonWettingPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::nonWettingPhaseIdx,
        numPhases = FluidSystem::numPhases,
 
        // Grid and world dimension
        dimWorld = GridView::dimensionworld
    };
 
    // get the material law from the property system
    using MaterialLaw = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::MaterialLaw>;
    using MaterialLawParams = typename MaterialLaw::Params;
 
    using CoordScalar = typename GridView::ctype;
    using GlobalPosition = Dune::FieldVector<CoordScalar, dimWorld>;
    using PhaseVector = Dune::FieldVector<Scalar, numPhases>;
    using DimMatrix = Dune::FieldMatrix<Scalar, dimWorld, dimWorld>;
 
public:
    RichardsLensProblem(Simulator& simulator)
        : ParentType(simulator)
        , pnRef_(1e5)
    {
        dofIsInLens_.resize(simulator.model().numGridDof());
    }
 
    void finishInit()
    {
        ParentType::finishInit();
 
        eps_ = 3e-6;
        pnRef_ = 1e5;
 
        lensLowerLeft_[0] = 1.0;
        lensLowerLeft_[1] = 2.0;
 
        lensUpperRight_[0] = 4.0;
        lensUpperRight_[1] = 3.0;
 
        // parameters for the Van Genuchten law
        // alpha and n
        lensMaterialParams_.setVgAlpha(0.00045);
        lensMaterialParams_.setVgN(7.3);
        lensMaterialParams_.finalize();
 
        outerMaterialParams_.setVgAlpha(0.0037);
        outerMaterialParams_.setVgN(4.7);
        outerMaterialParams_.finalize();
 
        // parameters for the linear law
        // minimum and maximum pressures
        //        lensMaterialParams_.setEntryPC(0);
        //        outerMaterialParams_.setEntryPC(0);
        //        lensMaterialParams_.setMaxPC(0);
        //        outerMaterialParams_.setMaxPC(0);
 
        lensK_ = this->toDimMatrix_(1e-12);
        outerK_ = this->toDimMatrix_(5e-12);
 
        // determine which degrees of freedom are in the lens
        Stencil stencil(this->gridView(), this->simulator().model().dofMapper() );
        for (const auto& elem : elements(this->gridView())) {
            stencil.update(elem);
            for (unsigned dofIdx = 0; dofIdx < stencil.numPrimaryDof(); ++ dofIdx) {
                unsigned globalDofIdx = stencil.globalSpaceIndex(dofIdx);
                const auto& dofPos = stencil.subControlVolume(dofIdx).center();
                dofIsInLens_[globalDofIdx] = isInLens_(dofPos);
            }
        }
    }
 
    static void registerParameters()
    {
        ParentType::registerParameters();
 
        Parameters::SetDefault<Parameters::GridFile>("./data/richardslens_24x16.dgf");
 
        // Use central differences to approximate the Jacobian matrix
        using LLS = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::LocalLinearizerSplice>;
        constexpr bool useFD = std::is_same_v<LLS, Properties::TTag::FiniteDifferenceLocalLinearizer>;
        if constexpr (useFD) {
            Parameters::SetDefault<Parameters::NumericDifferenceMethod>(0);
        }
 
        Parameters::SetDefault<Parameters::EndTime<Scalar>>(3000.0);
        Parameters::SetDefault<Parameters::InitialTimeStepSize<Scalar>>(100.0);
        Parameters::SetDefault<Parameters::NewtonMaxIterations>(28);
        Parameters::SetDefault<Parameters::NewtonTargetIterations>(18);
        Parameters::SetDefault<Parameters::EnableGravity>(true);
    }
 
 
    std::string name() const
    {
        std::ostringstream oss;
        oss << "lens_richards_"
            << Model::discretizationName();
        return oss.str();
    }
 
    void endTimeStep()
    {
#ifndef NDEBUG
        this->model().checkConservativeness();
 
        // Calculate storage terms
        EqVector storage;
        this->model().globalStorage(storage);
 
        // Write mass balance information for rank 0
        if (this->gridView().comm().rank() == 0) {
            std::cout << "Storage: " << storage << std::endl << std::flush;
        }
#endif // NDEBUG
    }
 
    template <class Context>
    Scalar temperature(const Context& context, unsigned spaceIdx, unsigned timeIdx) const
    { return temperature(context.globalSpaceIndex(spaceIdx, timeIdx), timeIdx); }
 
    Scalar temperature(unsigned /*globalSpaceIdx*/, unsigned /*timeIdx*/) const
    { return 273.15 + 10; } // -> 10°C
 
    template <class Context>
    const DimMatrix& intrinsicPermeability(const Context& context,
                                           unsigned spaceIdx,
                                           unsigned timeIdx) const
    {
        const GlobalPosition& pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
        if (isInLens_(pos))
            return lensK_;
        return outerK_;
    }
 
    template <class Context>
    Scalar porosity(const Context& /*context*/,
                    unsigned /*spaceIdx*/,
                    unsigned /*timeIdx*/) const
    { return 0.4; }
 
    template <class Context>
    const MaterialLawParams& materialLawParams(const Context& context,
                                               unsigned spaceIdx,
                                               unsigned timeIdx) const
    {
        unsigned globalSpaceIdx = context.globalSpaceIndex(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
        return materialLawParams(globalSpaceIdx, timeIdx);
    }
 
    const MaterialLawParams& materialLawParams(unsigned globalSpaceIdx,
                                               unsigned /*timeIdx*/) const
    {
        if (dofIsInLens_[globalSpaceIdx])
            return lensMaterialParams_;
        return outerMaterialParams_;
    }
 
    template <class Context>
    Scalar referencePressure(const Context& context,
                             unsigned spaceIdx,
                             unsigned timeIdx) const
    { return referencePressure(context.globalSpaceIndex(spaceIdx, timeIdx), timeIdx); }
 
    // the Richards model does not have an element context available at all places
    // where the reference pressure is required...
    Scalar referencePressure(unsigned /*globalSpaceIdx*/,
                             unsigned /*timeIdx*/) const
    { return pnRef_; }
 
 
 
    template <class Context>
    void boundary(BoundaryRateVector& values,
                  const Context& context,
                  unsigned spaceIdx,
                  unsigned timeIdx) const
    {
        const auto& pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
 
        if (onLeftBoundary_(pos) || onRightBoundary_(pos)) {
            const auto& materialParams = this->materialLawParams(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx);
 
            Scalar Sw = 0.0;
            Opm::ImmiscibleFluidState<Scalar, FluidSystem> fs;
            fs.setSaturation(wettingPhaseIdx, Sw);
            fs.setSaturation(nonWettingPhaseIdx, 1.0 - Sw);
 
            PhaseVector pC;
            MaterialLaw::capillaryPressures(pC, materialParams, fs);
            fs.setPressure(wettingPhaseIdx, pnRef_ + pC[wettingPhaseIdx] - pC[nonWettingPhaseIdx]);
            fs.setPressure(nonWettingPhaseIdx, pnRef_);
 
            typename FluidSystem::template ParameterCache<Scalar> paramCache;
            paramCache.updateAll(fs);
            fs.setDensity(wettingPhaseIdx, FluidSystem::density(fs, paramCache, wettingPhaseIdx));
            //fs.setDensity(nonWettingPhaseIdx, FluidSystem::density(fs, paramCache, nonWettingPhaseIdx));
 
            fs.setViscosity(wettingPhaseIdx, FluidSystem::viscosity(fs, paramCache, wettingPhaseIdx));
            //fs.setViscosity(nonWettingPhaseIdx, FluidSystem::viscosity(fs, paramCache, nonWettingPhaseIdx));
 
            values.setFreeFlow(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx, fs);
        }
        else if (onInlet_(pos)) {
            RateVector massRate(0.0);
 
            // inflow of water
            massRate[contiEqIdx] = -0.04; // kg / (m * s)
 
            values.setMassRate(massRate);
        }
        else
            values.setNoFlow();
    }
 
 
 
    template <class Context>
    void initial(PrimaryVariables& values,
                 const Context& context,
                 unsigned spaceIdx,
                 unsigned timeIdx) const
    {
        const auto& materialParams = this->materialLawParams(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx);
 
        Scalar Sw = 0.0;
        Opm::ImmiscibleFluidState<Scalar, FluidSystem> fs;
        fs.setSaturation(wettingPhaseIdx, Sw);
        fs.setSaturation(nonWettingPhaseIdx, 1.0 - Sw);
 
        PhaseVector pC;
        MaterialLaw::capillaryPressures(pC, materialParams, fs);
        values[pressureWIdx] = pnRef_ + (pC[wettingPhaseIdx] - pC[nonWettingPhaseIdx]);
    }
 
    template <class Context>
    void source(RateVector& rate,
                const Context& /*context*/,
                unsigned /*spaceIdx*/,
                unsigned /*timeIdx*/) const
    { rate = Scalar(0.0); }
 
 
private:
    bool onLeftBoundary_(const GlobalPosition& pos) const
    { return pos[0] < this->boundingBoxMin()[0] + eps_; }
 
    bool onRightBoundary_(const GlobalPosition& pos) const
    { return pos[0] > this->boundingBoxMax()[0] - eps_; }
 
    bool onLowerBoundary_(const GlobalPosition& pos) const
    { return pos[1] < this->boundingBoxMin()[1] + eps_; }
 
    bool onUpperBoundary_(const GlobalPosition& pos) const
    { return pos[1] > this->boundingBoxMax()[1] - eps_; }
 
    bool onInlet_(const GlobalPosition& pos) const
    {
        Scalar width = this->boundingBoxMax()[0] - this->boundingBoxMin()[0];
        Scalar lambda = (this->boundingBoxMax()[0] - pos[0]) / width;
        return onUpperBoundary_(pos) && 0.5 < lambda && lambda < 2.0 / 3.0;
    }
 
    bool isInLens_(const GlobalPosition& pos) const
    {
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < dimWorld; ++i) {
            if (pos[i] < lensLowerLeft_[i] || pos[i] > lensUpperRight_[i])
                return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    GlobalPosition lensLowerLeft_;
    GlobalPosition lensUpperRight_;
 
    DimMatrix lensK_;
    DimMatrix outerK_;
    MaterialLawParams lensMaterialParams_;
    MaterialLawParams outerMaterialParams_;
 
    std::vector<bool> dofIsInLens_;
 
    Scalar eps_;
    Scalar pnRef_;
};
} // namespace Opm
 
#endif