[Opm] Problem with injecting field voidage replacement

Stephen, Karl D K.D.Stephen at hw.ac.uk
Mon Mar 18 11:21:41 UTC 2019


Dear Kai,
When I first contacted you I did think that I should have stated the version of the OPM Flow that I was using. It was the 18.04 version. Perhaps I should have upgraded before hand too but I thought maybe if there had been a bug it would be something you could just go "oh yes we fixed that for the latest version". Sorry about that. 

I see now that the 18.10 version does not give me the same problems and I replicate your results. Even the case where I inject and produce with RESV works as anticipated. I guess there must have been a bug that has been fixed between the versions.

Yes, Bw is the second item of the PVTW keyword. In case you don't know it, it defines the compressibility, effectively, and the change in volume between reservoir and surface. Voidage replacement is a good production technique if you want to avoid large pressure variations over the life of the field as you can at least keep the average pressure constant by balancing volumes in and volumes out.

Many thanks for your help.

Karl



-----Original Message-----
From: Opm <opm-bounces at opm-project.org> On Behalf Of Bao Kai
Sent: 16 March 2019 20:25
To: opm at opm-project.org
Subject: Re: [Opm] Problem with injecting field voidage replacement

Hi, Karl,

I did not see any convergence problem with Bw to be 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2.
I assume Bw is the second term in the keyword PVTW .

Which version of OPM are you using?

I attached the DATA file I am using and I only adjusted Bw value in PVTW keyword for testing.

I am not that familiar with the purpose of the experiments and I am not sure what kind of effects that Bw can make here.

With Bw to be 0.8,
-- Days   dd/mm/yyyy                FPR             FVIR             FVPR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1.00   02/01/2020            4498.12          11498.4          11498.4
   4.00   05/01/2020            4496.79            11498            11498
  13.00   14/01/2020            4495.43          11498.1          11498.1
  40.00   10/02/2020            4492.42          11498.3          11498.4
 121.00   01/05/2020            4486.32          11495.1          11495.1
 200.00   19/07/2020            4482.02          11483.3          11483.4
 400.00   04/02/2021            4475.41          11341.2          11341.2
 600.00   23/08/2021            4472.53          11043.4          11043.4
 800.00   11/03/2022            4470.95          10607.6          10607.6
1000.00   27/09/2022             4473.2          10146.4          10146.4
1200.00   15/04/2023            4474.59          9737.92          9737.92
1400.00   01/11/2023            4476.21          9391.09          9391.09
1600.00   19/05/2024            4477.95          9131.07          9131.07
1800.00   05/12/2024            4478.67          8937.87          8937.87
2000.00   23/06/2025            4480.73          8783.53          8783.53

With Bw to be 1.0
-- Days   dd/mm/yyyy                FPR             FVIR             FVPR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1.00   02/01/2020            4498.11          11499.4          11499.4
   4.00   05/01/2020            4496.79          11499.3          11499.3
  13.00   14/01/2020            4495.43          11499.4          11499.4
  40.00   10/02/2020            4491.98          11499.5          11499.5
 121.00   01/05/2020            4485.95          11497.8          11497.8
 200.00   19/07/2020            4481.67          11491.7          11491.7
 400.00   04/02/2021            4475.47          11424.2          11424.2
 600.00   23/08/2021            4472.37          11292.4          11292.4
 800.00   11/03/2022            4471.52            11110            11110
1000.00   27/09/2022            4472.95          10920.1          10920.1
1200.00   15/04/2023             4473.7          10764.3          10764.3
1400.00   01/11/2023            4474.59          10637.2          10637.2
1600.00   19/05/2024            4475.52          10539.8          10539.8
1800.00   05/12/2024            4476.48          10457.3          10457.3
2000.00   23/06/2025            4477.32          10386.9          10386.9

With Bw to be 1.2
-- Days   dd/mm/yyyy                FPR             FVIR             FVPR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1.00   02/01/2020            4498.12          11500.2          11500.2
   4.00   05/01/2020            4496.68          11500.2          11500.2
  13.00   14/01/2020            4495.32          11500.2          11500.2
  40.00   10/02/2020            4491.92          11500.2          11500.2
 121.00   01/05/2020             4486.3          11500.7          11500.7
 200.00   19/07/2020            4482.14          11502.7          11502.7
 400.00   04/02/2021            4475.98          11523.2          11523.2
 600.00   23/08/2021            4472.91          11562.6          11562.6
 800.00   11/03/2022            4471.84          11618.8          11618.8
1000.00   27/09/2022            4471.89          11682.3          11682.3
1200.00   15/04/2023            4472.22          11740.9          11740.9
1400.00   01/11/2023            4472.34          11784.6          11784.6
1600.00   19/05/2024            4473.02            11818            11818
1800.00   05/12/2024            4473.88          11845.6          11845.6
2000.00   23/06/2025            4474.63          11868.4          11868.4


Please let me know if the results are desired to you.

Best Regards,
Kai Bao

On Sat, Mar 16, 2019 at 9:02 PM Stephen, Karl D <K.D.Stephen at hw.ac.uk> wrote:
>
> Thanks again, Kai.
>
> You are right, I was forgetting that WCONINJ would set the target rate and that it's not quite sufficient.
>
> I've tried to minimise the effect of pressure on B_w by reducing the pressure sensitivity but not too much in case I get numerical instabilities.
>
> With your suggestion I get pretty much the same result as you (but not precisely the same). You don't show t=0 for one thing and there's a small difference.
>
> Now if I increase Bw above 1.0 (to 1.02 as desired), I run into convergence issues. Do you get that to work?
>
> With Bw=0.99, the pressure now drops (as indicate in my previous e-mail).
>
> I would really expect a stable answer regardless of Bw.
>
> Karl
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Opm <opm-bounces at opm-project.org> On Behalf Of Bao Kai
> Sent: 15 March 2019 21:58
> To: opm at opm-project.org
> Subject: Re: [Opm] Problem with injecting field voidage replacement
>
> Hi, Karl,
>
> It looks like there is a possible bug in the OPM implementation which 
> requires some WCONINJE keyword for a injector to make the injector 
> work, even if you have group control upon it.  (something we need to 
> investigate it)
>
> Anyway, I could not see big problem with your output data.  When INJ is working under group control, it looks like FVIR == FGPR, which means the group control is honored in a good way.
>
> But INJ also has its own injection rate limit 11000  (provided with
> WCONINJE) and it works under this limit at the beginning then switch to work under VREP group control later.
>
> When you set B_w == 1.0 in PVTW, due to the existence of compressibility, the final B_w will be slightly different from 1.0 depending the pressure you use.
>
> The FPR is decreasing in the beginning is because the voidage rate you 
> are injecting is smaller than the voidage rate you are producing, 
> (FVIR < FVPR due to existence of the WCONINJE injection rate limit.)
>
> One solution is just increase the rate limit in WCONINJE so that that limit is so high and it will not limit much. The INJ will always work under group VREP control.
>
>
> I changed the schedule as follows,
>
> ```
> -- Production control
> --  Well  Status  Control    Oil   Wat   Gas    Liq  Resv   BHP
> --  name           mode     rate  rate  rate   rate  rate  limit
> --  ----  ------  ------    ----  ----  ----   ----  ----  -----
> WCONPROD
>      PROD   OPEN      LRAT             3*          10000  1*   2000  /
> /
>
> -- Injection control
> --  Well  Fluid  Status  Control   Surf   Resv   BHP
> --  NAME  TYPE            mode     rate   rate  limit
> --  ----  -----  ------  -------   ----   ----  -----
> WCONINJE
>      INJ    WATER  OPEN       RATE     110000        1*           6000 /
> /
> --  GRO  Fluid  Control   Surf     Resv   ReInj  Voidage  GRUP
> --  NAME  TYPE   mode     rate     rate   frac   Frac     CNTL
> --  ----  -----  ------  -------   ----   ----   ----     ----  -----
> GCONINJE
> --    FIELD    WATER   VREP        3*          1.0       NO   /
>     G1       WATER   VREP        3*          1.0       /
> /
>
>
> -- Number and size (days) of timesteps TSTEP
>   10*200 /
> ```
>
> Then the result is
>
>  summary.x TUT1G1_SPE9. FPR FVIR FVPR
> -- Days   dd/mm/yyyy                FPR             FVIR             FVPR
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
>    1.00   02/01/2020            4498.11          11499.4          11499.4
>    4.00   05/01/2020            4496.79          11499.3          11499.3
>   13.00   14/01/2020            4495.43          11499.4          11499.4
>   40.00   10/02/2020            4491.98          11499.5          11499.5
>  121.00   01/05/2020            4485.95          11497.8          11497.8
>  200.00   19/07/2020            4481.67          11491.7          11491.7
>  400.00   04/02/2021            4475.47          11424.2          11424.2
>  600.00   23/08/2021            4472.37          11292.4          11292.4
>  800.00   11/03/2022            4471.52            11110            11110
> 1000.00   27/09/2022            4472.95          10920.1          10920.1
> 1200.00   15/04/2023             4473.7          10764.3          10764.3
> 1400.00   01/11/2023            4474.59          10637.2          10637.2
> 1600.00   19/05/2024            4475.52          10539.8          10539.8
> 1800.00   05/12/2024            4476.48          10457.3          10457.3
> 2000.00   23/06/2025            4477.32          10386.9          10386.9
>
> Please let me know if it is something you are looking for.
>
> Best,
> Kai Bao
>
>
>
> On Fri, Mar 15, 2019 at 6:36 PM Stephen, Karl D <K.D.Stephen at hw.ac.uk> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Kai,
> > For completeness, I removed the final WCONINJE keyword and the reference to FIELD in the GCONINJE keyword to be more consistent with the SPE9 case. Bw=1 again.
> >
> > -- Days   dd/mm/yyyy                FPR             FVIR             FVPR
> > --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >    0.00   01/01/2020               4500                0               -0
> >    1.00   02/01/2020            4495.02            11000          11499.4
> >    4.00   05/01/2020            4483.38            11000          11499.3
> >   13.00   14/01/2020            4450.86            11000          11499.4
> >   40.00   10/02/2020            4353.57            11000          11499.6
> >   97.50   07/04/2020            4149.48          11000.1          11499.5
> >  148.75   28/05/2020            3965.53          11000.2          11498.8
> >  200.00   19/07/2020            3781.38          11000.2            11497
> >  298.64   25/10/2020             3432.1          11000.4            11487
> >  400.00   04/02/2021            3086.74          11000.5          11468.6
> >  500.00   15/05/2021            2766.78          11000.6          11440.7
> >  600.00   23/08/2021             2505.6          11000.7          11358.2
> >  700.00   01/12/2021            2504.02          10997.4          10997.4
> >  800.00   11/03/2022            2518.26          10945.8          10945.8
> > 1000.00   27/09/2022            2557.13          10960.5          10960.4
> > 1200.00   15/04/2023            2573.25          10810.6          10810.6
> > 1400.00   01/11/2023            2574.08          10699.4          10699.4
> > 1600.00   19/05/2024            2559.59          10575.9            10576
> > 1800.00   05/12/2024            2562.13          10470.6          10470.6
> > 2000.00   23/06/2025            2564.31          10385.1          10385.1
> > 2200.00   09/01/2026            2566.22          10317.3          10317.3
> >
> > The result is initially identical with FPR etc. but once water breaks through, there are differences.
> >
> > If anyone has another case that successfully tests field voidage replacement that would be great.
> >
> > Karl
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