ptflash/flashintensivequantities.hh

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// -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
// vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4:
/*
  This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
 
  OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.
 
  OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  GNU General Public License for more details.
 
  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  along with OPM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
  Consult the COPYING file in the top-level source directory of this
  module for the precise wording of the license and the list of
  copyright holders.
*/
#ifndef OPM_FLASH_INTENSIVE_QUANTITIES_HH
#define OPM_FLASH_INTENSIVE_QUANTITIES_HH
 
#include <dune/common/fmatrix.hh>
#include <dune/common/fvector.hh>
 
#include <opm/common/OpmLog/OpmLog.hpp>
 
#include <opm/input/eclipse/EclipseState/Grid/FaceDir.hpp>
 
#include <opm/material/Constants.hpp>
#include <opm/material/common/Valgrind.hpp>
#include <opm/material/constraintsolvers/PTFlashMethod.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidstates/CompositionalFluidState.hpp>
 
#include <opm/models/common/energymodule.hh>
#include <opm/models/common/diffusionmodule.hh>
 
#include <opm/models/flash/flashproperties.hh>
 
#include <opm/models/ptflash/flashindices.hh>
#include <opm/models/ptflash/flashparameters.hh>
 
#include <fmt/format.h>
 
#include <array>
#include <iterator>
#include <string>
 
namespace Opm {
 
template <class TypeTag>
class FlashIntensiveQuantities
    : public GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::DiscIntensiveQuantities>
    , public DiffusionIntensiveQuantities<TypeTag, getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableDiffusion>() >
    , public EnergyIntensiveQuantities<TypeTag, getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableEnergy>() >
    , public GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluxModule>::FluxIntensiveQuantities
{
    using ParentType = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::DiscIntensiveQuantities>;
 
    using ElementContext = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ElementContext>;
    using MaterialLaw = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::MaterialLaw>;
    using MaterialLawParams = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::MaterialLawParams>;
    using Indices = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>;
    using FluxModule = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluxModule>;
    using GridView = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::GridView>;
    using ThreadManager = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ThreadManager>;
 
    // primary variable indices
    enum { z0Idx = Indices::z0Idx };
    enum { numPhases = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::NumPhases>() };
    enum { numComponents = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::NumComponents>() };
    static constexpr bool enableDiffusion = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableDiffusion>();
    static constexpr bool enableEnergy = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableEnergy>();
    enum { dimWorld = GridView::dimensionworld };
    enum { pressure0Idx = Indices::pressure0Idx };
    enum { water0Idx = Indices::water0Idx};
 
    static constexpr bool waterEnabled = Indices::waterEnabled;
 
    using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
 
    using Evaluation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Evaluation>;
    using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
    using FlashSolver = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FlashSolver>;
 
    using ComponentVector = Dune::FieldVector<Evaluation, numComponents>;
    using DimMatrix = Dune::FieldMatrix<Scalar, dimWorld, dimWorld>;
 
    using DiffusionIntensiveQuantities = ::Opm::DiffusionIntensiveQuantities<TypeTag, enableDiffusion>;
    using EnergyIntensiveQuantities = ::Opm::EnergyIntensiveQuantities<TypeTag, enableEnergy>;
    using FluxIntensiveQuantities = typename FluxModule::FluxIntensiveQuantities;
 
public:
    using FluidState = CompositionalFluidState<Evaluation, FluidSystem, enableEnergy>;
 
    static constexpr Scalar compositionFloor = 1.0e-8;
 
    static constexpr Scalar hydrocarbonFloor = compositionFloor;
 
    FlashIntensiveQuantities() = default;
 
    FlashIntensiveQuantities(const FlashIntensiveQuantities& other) = default;
 
    FlashIntensiveQuantities& operator=(const FlashIntensiveQuantities& other) = default;
 
    void update(const ElementContext& elemCtx, unsigned dofIdx, unsigned timeIdx)
    {
        ParentType::update(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
        EnergyIntensiveQuantities::updateTemperatures_(fluidState_, elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
 
        const auto& priVars = elemCtx.primaryVars(dofIdx, timeIdx);
        const auto& problem = elemCtx.problem();
 
        const Scalar flashTolerance = Parameters::Get<Parameters::FlashTolerance<Scalar>>();
        const int flashVerbosity = Parameters::Get<Parameters::FlashVerbosity>();
        const auto ptFlashMethod =
            ptFlashMethodFromString(Parameters::Get<Parameters::FlashTwoPhaseMethod>());
        // Extract the overall component mole fractions; the last fraction is dependent.
        ComponentVector z(0.);
        {
            Evaluation lastZ = 1.0;
            for (unsigned compIdx = 0; compIdx < numComponents - 1; ++compIdx) {
                z[compIdx] = priVars.makeEvaluation(z0Idx + compIdx, timeIdx);
                lastZ -= z[compIdx];
            }
            z[numComponents - 1] = lastZ;
 
            Evaluation sumz = 0.0;
            for (unsigned compIdx = 0; compIdx < numComponents; ++compIdx) {
                // Clamp only the value; preserve derivatives. Replacing the Evaluation with
                // max() when the bound applies removes composition derivatives from a
                // vanished component's conservation equation and makes the cell Jacobian
                // block singular.
                if (z[compIdx] < compositionFloor) {
                    z[compIdx].setValue(compositionFloor);
                }
                sumz += z[compIdx];
            }
            z /= sumz;
        }
 
        for (unsigned compIdx = 0; compIdx < numComponents; ++compIdx) {
            fluidState_.setMoleFraction(compIdx, z[compIdx]);
        }
 
        Evaluation p = priVars.makeEvaluation(pressure0Idx, timeIdx);
        for (int phaseIdx = 0; phaseIdx < numPhases; ++phaseIdx) {
            fluidState_.setPressure(phaseIdx, p);
        }
 
        // Get initial K and L from storage initially (if enabled)
        const auto* hint = elemCtx.thermodynamicHint(dofIdx, timeIdx);
        if (hint) {
             for (unsigned compIdx = 0; compIdx < numComponents; ++compIdx) {
                 const Evaluation& Ktmp = hint->fluidState().K(compIdx);
                 fluidState_.setKvalue(compIdx, Ktmp);
             }
             const Evaluation& Ltmp = hint->fluidState().L();
             fluidState_.setLvalue(Ltmp);
        }
        else if (timeIdx == 0 && elemCtx.thermodynamicHint(dofIdx, 1)) {
             // checking the storage cache
             const auto& hint2 = elemCtx.thermodynamicHint(dofIdx, 1);
             for (unsigned compIdx = 0; compIdx < numComponents; ++compIdx) {
                 const Evaluation& Ktmp = hint2->fluidState().K(compIdx);
                 fluidState_.setKvalue(compIdx, Ktmp);
             }
             const Evaluation& Ltmp = hint2->fluidState().L();
             fluidState_.setLvalue(Ltmp);
        }
        else {
             for (unsigned compIdx = 0; compIdx < numComponents; ++compIdx) {
                 const Evaluation Ktmp = fluidState_.wilsonK_(compIdx);
                 fluidState_.setKvalue(compIdx, Ktmp);
             }
             const Evaluation& Ltmp = -1.0;
             fluidState_.setLvalue(Ltmp);
         }
 
        // Compute the phase compositions and densities
        if (flashVerbosity >= 1) {
            OpmLog::debug(fmt::format("Updating the intensive quantities for cell {}",
                                      elemCtx.globalSpaceIndex(dofIdx, timeIdx)));
        }
        const auto& eos_type = problem.getEosType();
        FlashSolver::solve(fluidState_, ptFlashMethod, flashTolerance, eos_type, flashVerbosity);
 
        if (flashVerbosity >= 5) {
            std::string phaseCompositions;
            for (unsigned compIdx = 0; compIdx < numComponents; ++compIdx) {
                fmt::format_to(
                    std::back_inserter(phaseCompositions),
                    "  component {}: x = {}, y = {}\n",
                    compIdx,
                    getValue(fluidState_.moleFraction(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx, compIdx)),
                    getValue(fluidState_.moleFraction(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx, compIdx)));
            }
            OpmLog::debug(fmt::format("After the flash for cell {}: liquid fraction = {}\n{}",
                                      elemCtx.globalSpaceIndex(dofIdx, timeIdx),
                                      getValue(fluidState_.L()),
                                      phaseCompositions));
        }
 
        // Update phases
        typename FluidSystem::template ParameterCache<Evaluation> paramCache(eos_type);
        // the water properties of the cell's PVT region
        paramCache.setPvtRegionIndex(problem.pvtRegionIndex(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx));
        paramCache.updatePhase(fluidState_, FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx);
        paramCache.updatePhase(fluidState_, FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx);
 
        // Update saturation
        Evaluation Sw = 0.0;
        if constexpr (waterEnabled) {
            Sw = priVars.makeEvaluation(water0Idx, timeIdx);
        }
        const Evaluation L = fluidState_.L();
        const Evaluation Vm_L = paramCache.correctedMolarVolume(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx);
        const Evaluation Vm_V = paramCache.correctedMolarVolume(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx);
 
        // Every component storage term is proportional to the pore-space share
        // occupied by hydrocarbons. If a cell holds only water, a zero share
        // removes the composition from the residual: the component equations
        // then depend on no composition variable, and the cell's diagonal
        // Jacobian block is singular. Every equilibrated cell below the
        // water-oil contact starts in that state. Floor the value while retaining
        // its derivatives, as for the composition above.
        Evaluation hydrocarbon = 1 - Sw;
        // Remember physical presence before regularization. A positive share,
        // even below the floor, still represents hydrocarbon in the cell.
        hasHydrocarbon_ = getValue(hydrocarbon) > Scalar{0};
        if (hydrocarbon < hydrocarbonFloor) {
            hydrocarbon.setValue(hydrocarbonFloor);
        }
        Evaluation So = max(hydrocarbon * (L * Vm_L / ( L * Vm_L + (1 - L) * Vm_V)), 0.0);
        Evaluation Sg = max(hydrocarbon - So, 0.0);
        const Scalar sumS = getValue(So) + getValue(Sg) + getValue(Sw);
        So /= sumS;
        Sg /= sumS;
 
        fluidState_.setSaturation(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx, So);
        fluidState_.setSaturation(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx, Sg);
        if constexpr (waterEnabled) {
            Sw /= sumS;
            fluidState_.setSaturation(FluidSystem::waterPhaseIdx, Sw);
        }
 
        // The compressibility factor comes from the unshifted EOS root, unlike
        // the saturations above.
        const Scalar R = Opm::Constants<Scalar>::R;
        const Evaluation Z_L = (paramCache.molarVolume(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx) *
                                fluidState_.pressure(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx)) /
                               (R * fluidState_.temperature(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx));
        const Evaluation Z_V = (paramCache.molarVolume(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx) *
                                fluidState_.pressure(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx)) /
                               (R * fluidState_.temperature(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx));
        fluidState_.setCompressFactor(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx, Z_L);
        fluidState_.setCompressFactor(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx, Z_V);
 
        if (flashVerbosity >= 5) {
            OpmLog::debug(fmt::format("Flash phase properties for cell {}: "
                                      "oil saturation = {}, gas saturation = {}, "
                                      "oil molar volume = {}, gas molar volume = {}",
                                      elemCtx.globalSpaceIndex(dofIdx, timeIdx),
                                      getValue(So),
                                      getValue(Sg),
                                      getValue(Vm_L),
                                      getValue(Vm_V)));
        }
 
        // Compute rel. perm and viscosity and densities
        const MaterialLawParams& materialParams = problem.materialLawParams(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
 
        // calculate relative permeability
        MaterialLaw::relativePermeabilities(relativePermeability_,
                                            materialParams, fluidState_);
        Valgrind::CheckDefined(relativePermeability_);
 
        // set the phase viscosity and density
        for (unsigned phaseIdx = 0; phaseIdx < numPhases; ++phaseIdx) {
            if (phaseIdx == static_cast<unsigned int>(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx) ||
                phaseIdx == static_cast<unsigned int>(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx))
            {
                paramCache.updatePhase(fluidState_, phaseIdx);
            }
 
            const Evaluation& mu = FluidSystem::viscosity(fluidState_, paramCache, phaseIdx);
 
            fluidState_.setViscosity(phaseIdx, mu);
 
            mobility_[phaseIdx] = relativePermeability_[phaseIdx] / mu;
            Valgrind::CheckDefined(mobility_[phaseIdx]);
 
            const Evaluation& rho = FluidSystem::density(fluidState_, paramCache, phaseIdx);
            fluidState_.setDensity(phaseIdx, rho);
        }
 
        // Compute the remaining quantities
 
        // porosity, scaled with the pressure by the rock compressibility of the
        // cell's region as in the black-oil model
        porosity_ = problem.porosity(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
        const Scalar rockCompressibility = problem.rockCompressibility(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
        if (rockCompressibility > 0.0) {
            const Scalar rockRefPressure = problem.rockReferencePressure(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
            const Evaluation x = rockCompressibility * (p - rockRefPressure);
            porosity_ *= 1.0 + x + 0.5 * x * x;
        }
        Valgrind::CheckDefined(porosity_);
 
        // intrinsic permeability
        intrinsicPerm_ = problem.intrinsicPermeability(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
 
        // update the quantities specific for the velocity model
        FluxIntensiveQuantities::update_(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
 
        // energy related quantities
        EnergyIntensiveQuantities::update_(fluidState_, paramCache, elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
 
        // update the diffusion specific quantities of the intensive quantities
        DiffusionIntensiveQuantities::update_(fluidState_, paramCache, elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
    }
 
    const FluidState& fluidState() const
    { return fluidState_; }
 
    bool hasHydrocarbon() const
    { return hasHydrocarbon_; }
 
    Scalar saturationForOutput(unsigned phaseIdx) const
    {
        if (!FluidSystem::phaseIsActive(phaseIdx)) {
            return Scalar{0};
        }
        if (!hasHydrocarbon_) {
            return phaseIdx == FluidSystem::waterPhaseIdx ? Scalar{1} : Scalar{0};
        }
        return getValue(fluidState_.saturation(phaseIdx));
    }
 
    bool phaseIsPresent(unsigned phaseIdx) const
    { return saturationForOutput(phaseIdx) > Scalar{0}; }
 
    const DimMatrix& intrinsicPermeability() const
    { return intrinsicPerm_; }
 
    const Evaluation& relativePermeability(unsigned phaseIdx) const
    { return relativePermeability_[phaseIdx]; }
 
    const Evaluation& mobility(unsigned phaseIdx) const
    { return mobility_[phaseIdx]; }
 
    const Evaluation& mobility(unsigned phaseIdx, FaceDir::DirEnum) const
    { return mobility_[phaseIdx]; }
 
    Scalar rockCompTransMultiplier() const
    { return 1.0; }
 
    const Evaluation& porosity() const
    { return porosity_; }
 
private:
    bool hasHydrocarbon_{true};
    DimMatrix intrinsicPerm_;
    FluidState fluidState_;
    Evaluation porosity_;
    std::array<Evaluation,numPhases> relativePermeability_;
    std::array<Evaluation,numPhases> mobility_;
};
 
} // namespace Opm
 
#endif